Historical Genesis: Dinosaurs (S07, E06)

Greetings, and welcome to the Faith Chapel podcast. My name is Jason,

and I am the pastor of Faith Chapel.

In the podcast, we are going through an eight-episode series looking at whether

Genesis should be taken as history or mainly as fiction.

In this seventh season of the podcast, we will look at different aspects of

what is known as primeval history, the first 11 chapters of Genesis,

and discover if the Bible's account of the origins of this world can be trusted.

Today we dive into the topic of dinosaurs and the dating methods used to date when dinosaurs lived.

Thanks for joining us as we dive into this discussion.

Dinosaurs are just very intriguing creatures that God has created.

They are just magnificent to look at when you go into a museum,

just the size, the enormity of them.

They're just fascinating. There's been lots and lots of movies about dinosaurs,

and it leads us to just wonder and imagine about what they are,

because they are magnificent creatures.

And how we see them, especially in the dating methods, how we see them depends upon our perspective.

And we're going to go over what that would look like from a Christian perspective,

and we're also going to look at that from a scientific perspective to see what

they perceive of dinosaurs.

And I think understanding someone else's perspective is important in being able

to relate to them and understand where they're coming from to find some common

ground so that conversations can happen.

To begin with tonight, dinosaur is a word that was.

Invented or created in the 1800s after these skeletons had started to be found.

And the word dinosaur simply means terrible lizard and terrible in terms of

the gigantic nature that they are.

So when these first started to be found in the ground, they were just mesmerizing

to the people who were finding them.

And so that's the concept of what dinosaur means.

Other interesting aspects of the dinosaur, according to Ken Han,

and he is the one who does answers in Genesis, which is responsible for the ark in Kentucky.

He says, other than the size of some dinosaurs, the major feature that really

distinguishes dinosaurs from other reptiles, such as crocodiles,

is the position of their limbs.

Dinosaurs had posture that was fully erect, similar to that in mammals.

Most other reptiles have limbs in sprawling positions.

For instance, compare the way a crocodile walks with that of, say, a cow.

Dinosaurs would have moved like a cow with limbs supporting the body from beneath.

Crocodiles waddle as their limbs project sideways from their bellies.

So it is something that's fascinating. When we would go to a zoo,

when we would look at the way a crocodile, an alligator moves,

even compare that to like a turtle, the,

dinosaurs would move much more like a mammal than they would with.

A reptile, as they are classified in the animal kingdom.

They just elicit a lot of intrigue.

They are fascinating creatures, whether you're a young kid and you have dinosaurs

that you play with, or you really like the Jurassic Park series,

they are fascinating creatures.

And so there are different ways for Christians to look at the world of dinosaurs

and how they fit into the historicity of Genesis.

So Wayne Grudem, in his book Systematic Theology, says, Those who support a young earth theory

would say that dinosaurs and human beings lived on the earth at the same time

and that dinosaurs subsequently became extinct, perhaps in the flood.

Young earth advocates, of course, would differ with the methods used to arrive

at such ancient dates for dinosaurs.

Among those who hold to an old earth view.

Some would want to say that dinosaurs were among the creatures that Adam named

in Genesis 2, 19 through 20, and that they subsequently perished, perhaps in the flood.

They would admit that dinosaurs may have existed earlier than humanity,

but would say that they did not become extinct until after the time of Adam and Eve.

Others, who hold to an old Earth perspective, would say that the sixth day of creation

was millions of years long, and that dinosaurs had already become extinct by

the time Adam was created

and named the animals.

And again, that goes back to Genesis 2, 19 through 20.

And so these are the perspectives that Christians have.

Number one is that humans and dinosaurs lived in, were created on the same day,

on the sixth day of creation, which was a literal 24-hour day,

and that they lived together and thrived together.

Other Christians would say there are humans and dinosaurs lived together,

but dinosaurs came on the scene earlier.

They don't believe in a literal 24-hour day period, but that dinosaurs and humans

lived together. And then the third thing.

Perspective is that it was not a 24-hour day period, but the sixth day was millions

of years long and that humans and dinosaurs did not coexist together.

So that is a wide range of beliefs from a Christian perspective.

We are later in this time, we're going to look at why some people believe that

they were millions of years old and why some people believe that they were not that old.

But to start off with, we're going to look at the aspect of could dinosaurs have been in the Bible?

Is that a perspective that people have?

Because if they did exist in the time of humans, they would have been notable

creatures to be able to write down and to see and to just talk about.

The Bible talks about two creatures. Again, the term dinosaur was not used,

was not created until the 1800s.

But the Bible does use two different terms to describe magnificent beasts. One is a land animal.

The other one is a sea creature.

And a lot of people who hold to a humans and dinosaurs live together point to

these verses to talk about how they show us dinosaurs in the Bible.

So the first one is called a behemoth. And according to the NLT Bible notes,

the identification of the behemoth is disputed.

Some people think it is an earthly creature. Some people think it is a dinosaur.

Some people think it is a hippopotamus that they are describing here.

And other people think that it is a mythical monster in ancient literature used

for just literary devices.

But this is how the Bible describes behemoth in Job 40, verses 15 to 24.

Job 40:15–24

God is in this time speaking to Job, and God says, take a look at behemoth,

which I made, just as I made you.

It eats grass like an ox. See its powerful loins and the muscles of its belly.

Its tail is as strong as a cedar.

The sinews of its thighs are knit together tightly. Its bones are tubes of bronze.

Its limbs are bars of iron.

It is a prime example of God's handiwork, and only its creator can threaten it.

The mountains offer it their best food, where all the wild animals play.

It lies under the lotus plants, hidden by the reeds in the marsh.

The lotus plants give it shade among the willows beside the stream.

It's not disturbed by the raging river, not concerned when the swelling Jordan rushes around it.

No one can catch it off guard or put a ring in its nose and lead it away.

And so it describes it in kind of huge terms here.

Its tail is as strong as a cedar. Its tail is like a tree.

And if you would look at a hippo's tail, it is not impressive at all. It's actually curly.

It's very, very small. It would not be described as a cedar.

But could that be used as a metaphor, an analogy about how strong this creature that God created was?

There's plenty of different perspectives on this, but people who believe that

dinosaurs and humans live together would point to this and say,

yes, the Bible does talk about dinosaurs.

This behemoth is a description of that. And we can see at.

Least in this description, where it's a very impressive creature.

If its tail is as strong as a tree, that is a massive tail.

And its bones are tubes of prawns, limbs are bars of iron. It's just this really strong creature.

Not even a rushing river can displace it. It is that strong and is that enormous.

And so that's one way that people say, yes, the Bible does describe dinosaurs.

Another aspect, and it's in the next chapter of the book of Job, is the Leviathan.

And again, the identification of a Leviathan is disputed, ranging from an earthly

creature to a mythical monster that is just meant to describe the majesty of how strong God is.

So in Job chapter 41, verses 12 through 24, again, God is speaking to Job and

Job 41:12–24

he describes Leviathan in this way.

I want to emphasize Leviathan's limbs and its enormous strength and graceful form.

Who can strip off its hide? And who can penetrate its double layer of armor?

Who can pry open its jaws, for its teeth are terrible?

The scales on its back are like rows of shields tightly sealed together.

They are so close together that no air can get between them.

Each scale sticks tight to the next. They interlock and cannot be penetrated.

When it sneezes, it flashes light.

Its eyes are like the red of dawn. Lightning leaps from its mouth.

Flames of fire flash out.

Smoke steams from its nostrils like steam from a pot heated over burning rushes.

Its breath would kindle coals, for flames shoot from its mouth.

The tremendous strength in Leviathan's neck strikes terror wherever it goes.

Its flesh is hard and firm and cannot be penetrated. Its heart is hard as rock, hard as millstone.

And again, it's describing it in these gigantic terms, these breathtaking concepts

that would strike fear in the reader.

This is a massive creature that if God is in control of this,

like the concept here is that God is powerful. God is strong.

No one else can tame this creature.

But again, it uses descriptions that we would see easily transfer to the realm of dinosaurs.

And that's the concept here. The Bible here describes Leviathan as we would

expect a dinosaur to be described.

Now, the perspective is that we have to decide whether these are literal,

characteristics of these animals, whether they are exaggerations of existing

animals that we would see today, or whether these are poetic descriptions of.

The power and the majesty of God.

And that's one of the things that we individually need to wrestle with,

something that we need to comprehend and understand.

Are these talking about dinosaurs or are these just describing the strength of God.

Leviathan is also mentioned elsewhere in the Bible, in Psalm 74,

14, in Psalm 104, 26, and Isaiah 27, 1. These are all mentioning this Leviathan creature.

So it's mentioned more than one time in scripture. Those are also passages to

look at to decide whether or not you believe this is a description of a dinosaur.

If dinosaurs lived with humans, we potentially have here historic evidence of them being there.

But if it was just in the Bible, like that wouldn't be very much clarity because

there is disputes on how to read these.

But there are other descriptions in other ancient literatures that also describe

what we would classify today as dinosaur-like creatures.

So in Mesopotamia, which is the Near East where Israel is, there is a

document called the Enuma Elish, and it features a creature called Tiamat,

and this creature is described as a primordial sea beast that represents chaos.

In the work also from Mesopotamia called The Epic of Gilgamesh. It includes a dragon.

And again, dinosaur wasn't invented when these were being written.

And so using the term dragon might have been how they described dinosaurs.

There are these gigantic, enormous creatures that are found and recorded in Mesopotamia.

In ancient China, we have dragons being mystified and glorified.

They are regarded as controlling rain and water, representing creative power,

which is part of the yin and yang creative there.

And the document there was called the El Ching.

Then in India, we have the mention of Virtra, which is a malevolent dragon that

was controlling, again, the water, and it was a creature that was killed by a person named Indra.

Then we have myths in ancient Greek and Roman culture, which feature serpent

monsters or draconess, the dragon that's guarding the golden fleece in the Argonautica,

and the beast that was defeated by Perseus to save Andromeda.

These are two examples of large beasts that needed to be destroyed.

And again, are they using the concept of mythology to try to describe what their

deities or demigods were doing back in the day?

Or are they using real examples of animals that they are describing to help

them to understand how strong and powerful their deities, their demigods are.

Also in Beowulf and the Nibbi-Lung-Inleid.

They depict fire-breathing, treasure-hoarding monsters, which are often called Wyrm.

In multiple locations around the world, we have these depictions of huge animals

that we would kind of relate to as dinosaurs.

And they are describing them and the terror that comes from them.

And they are setting them up as creatures that if somebody defeats,

it's showing how powerful that person is.

We have descriptions in the Bible, potentially of behemoth and leviathan as potential dinosaurs.

We have other historical instances here.

Now, when we read through these,

these are more than likely going to be considered fiction literature.

So we have to, again, decide, are these being descriptive of animals that are

really present on this world?

But outside of the writings, there are also depictions, pictures that we have

found of what we could classify as dinosaurs.

So answers in Genesis, again, that's

from Ken Ham, and he is the one who's overseeing the ark in Kentucky.

What he says is that dragons are memorialized in legends, historical accounts,

and artwork from around the world.

To name a few, There's an aboriginal depiction of a water monster.

That resembles a pleiosaur, an ancient historical account of serpents in Egypt

with bat-like wings, the

epic poem of Beowulf with its account of a fiery flying serpent,

Native American petroglyphs, etchings in stone that resemble dragons.

Dragons are depicted on flags, emblems, tapestries, maps, pottery,

pictographs, and more, and these are the documents that we have,

although from disconnected cultures away.

The descriptions are remarkably similar. And the idea there is not all of these

had communication with one another.

And while they are not communicating, while they're disconnected in that way,

the descriptions are similar.

We can see similar patterns, which would either be a huge coincidence with the

concept of we're going to describe this creature in this way.

Another culture at another time is going to describe it in this way.

And the similarities are like we talked about last time with the Noah's flood.

The similarities can help us see, historically speaking, that they knew of these creatures.

They were real creatures there.

And then he ends this quote by saying, perhaps because dragons were real.

And in this case, he means dragons as dinosaurs, these terrible lizards that were across the planet.

There's the historical evidence that we have We have biblical evidence that

could possibly point to human beings knowing about these dinosaurs And so what does the evidence show?

What do we have in front of us that helps us to make the conclusion as to whether

or not did human beings live with dinosaurs?

Because we know dinosaurs exist because of the skeletons that we have found

And we know human beings exist because we're here but just did we live together?

Were we on this planet together?

And so first, we're going to take a look at the scientific perspective.

And to understand this, we're going to need to understand how science dates these fossils.

It's really a three-pronged approach from what I've researched.

There's a fourth dating method that I'm not going to get into,

but the three main ways that they

date these fossils are, number one with radioactive atoms and their decay.

They take a look at them and try to get the age of that rock layer.

When they find the age of the rock layer because of these radioactive atoms,

they can take that layer of rock.

The second way that they do this is that they look at the rock layers themselves

and they're like, okay, this one dated to this era.

And so we're going to go down two more layers. Then that's where we find these

bones. And so we need to be able to date them like that.

And so the rock layers themselves, they go in a pattern and scientifically speaking,

the higher layer can't be older than the younger or the bottom layer.

And that's the process they use to do it.

And then they've looked across the world for these skeletons,

these remains of these animals, and they compare the dates with what they have

found elsewhere in these rock layers.

And they use all that data to come up with a dating method.

This first quote here is from the National Institute of Standards and Technology,

and it's going to describe the process used

to identify the elements that they can date with the radioactive elements.

So they say, radiometric dating is based on the phenomenon of radioactivity.

Atoms of radioactive elements, such as uranium, have so much energy that their

cores or nuclei are literally flying apart, shedding motes of their matter in a process called decay.

Through our observations and understanding of physics, we know that each radioactive

element decays at its own steady rate.

As they shed particles, the atoms change into atoms of other elements,

their progeny, until they finally become stable.

Uranium, for instance, goes through a long decay chain that eventually ends with lead.

Through observations and understanding of chemistry, scientists know that lead

and uranium-containing minerals form with certain proportions of each element.

As the uranium decays, the ratios of the element will change.

By combining our knowledge of chemistry and physics, we can use the rate at

which uranium atoms decay

and observations of the ratios of the element today to figure out how old the

materials, the minerals, are.

All right. So when we find lead on this planet that is near uranium

atoms, scientifically speaking, they surmise there was a lot of uranium there

and it's transformed now into lead.

And the concept is that looking at that and seeing how much uranium is left

and how much lead is there,

They're able to surmise, all right, all of this was uranium and then it got

changed into lead And because we know

what proportion of this is lead and what proportion of this is uranium We can

date this because uranium decays at a very constant rate That's the process here

They are looking at these radioactive elements and through observation and their

understanding of chemistry and physics, they are able, in their opinion,

to determine how old that rock is.

And notice that I said rock there, because the actual bones that they are finding,

the actual skeletons, do not contain any uranium at all.

They have none in them. And so they look at the rock layer and they see a skeleton there.

They see the remains and they're going to look in that rock layer for lead and uranium deposits.

And wherever they find that, they're going to be like, okay,

now I can dig this because they have found it in the same rock layer.

That's the way that they test how old these are.

The National Institute goes on to say, geologists use the radiometric dating

of uranium and the isotopes of other radioactive elements

combined with observations of fossils and sediment layers to chart the course

of Earth's natural history and the evolution of life.

So they are looking at this rock layer. They are seeing, okay,

most of the time uranium happens in volcanic rock.

That's where they find it and that's where it gets transferred into lead.

So they're looking at this layer, and however close the latest volcanic rock

is in that layer is how they determine the age of this.

They observe the fossils, they observe the sediment layers, they put all of

this information together to give us a date.

In an article, Tracy Wilson talks more about this.

She says, unfortunately, these elements, and earlier in the article she mentioned

uranium-238, uranium-235, and potassium-40, don't exist in dinosaur fossils themselves.

Each of them typically exists in igneous rock or rock made from cooled magma.

Fossils, however, form in sedimentary rock. Sediment quickly covers a dinosaur's

body, and the sediment and bones gradually turn into rock.

But this sediment doesn't typically include the necessary isotopes in measurable amounts.

Fossils can't form in the igneous rock that usually does contain the isotopes.

The extreme temperatures of the magma would just destroy the bones.

So to determine the age of sedimentary rock layers, researchers first have to

find neighboring layers of earth.

That includes igneous rock, such as volcanic ash.

These layers are like bookends. They give a beginning and an end to the period

of time when the sedimentary rock formed.

By using radiometric dating to determine the age of igneous brackets,

researchers can accurately determine the age of the sedimentary layers between them.

There are some times when, obviously, volcanoes don't erupt all the time.

And so their guess as to what happens, their hypothesis is that

if we can find igneous rock, this rock from cooled magma, below this sediment

layer that has these dinosaur bones in it, and above it, we can have this range of date

to determine, all right, we know this much uranium. We know this much.

Lead is there. We can see how much it's decayed over time and how much of it

has transferred into lead.

And that will lead them into saying, all right, it's between this age and this

age, this many years ago and that many years ago.

And then when they come across more fossils in that same rock layer,

they're able to say, all right, these fossils are that old as well between this.

And so this is what scientists are doing to determine the age of the Earth.

One thing I have not mentioned that I do want to bring up is the idea that these

radioactive isotopes have a much longer rate of decay than non-radioactive elements.

So for instance, we would have carbon in our bones and carbon,

they can tell how much they call it a half-life when it reduces by half.

We know what carbon reduces in and carbon, unfortunately, though,

has a very small half-life, 5,700 years compared to these radioactive isotopes,

which they say are millions and millions of years.

So we can't do the rocks, the sediment layer. We cannot do the rocks that are

there based on these long-term layers.

Radioactive isotopes because the carbon has just disappeared.

This is the process for which they do it. And as they have looked at these layers

of rocks in the earth, the fossils, they say, are all in alignment with evolution.

So you go to the bottom layer. These are the oldest elements that are there.

And when, again, they test this cooled magma, this igneous rock,

they are looking at, this is the range that it is in between.

This is the process by which they determine the age of these fossils.

Richard Dawkins, who wrote The God Delusion, says this, all the fossils that

we have ever found have always been found in the appropriate place in the time sequence.

There are no fossils in the wrong place.

And so what he means by that is this layer of rock contains the right animals

to believe in the evolutionary process.

Then we go up and we see more complex animals in this.

And while they have never found an amphibian that starts as a frog and then

is morphing and changing into some other animal, they've never found any.

Pieces of the changes, the incremental changes that they say would happen in evolution.

He's saying the fossils that we have have always been found in the right places.

It goes along with our theory.

This is what scientists believe. And Wayne Grudem, he is a Christian,

and this is from systematic theology.

He says that current scientific opinion holds that dinosaurs became extinct

about 65 million years ago, millions of years before human beings appeared on the earth.

So scientifically speaking, humans and dinosaurs did not co-exist.

So that is a scientific view of it. We're now going to look at a Bible-centric version of this.

And again, I want to touch on the point that Wayne Brudem shared,

that there are multiple degrees of what Christians believe.

Do Christians believe that a young earth and dinosaurs and humans live together?

Christians believe that it's older than a young earth, I'll call it a middle-aged

earth, and that humans and dinosaurs did live together.

And then we have people who are Christians and believe that the dinosaurs and

humans did not coexist together.

But I am looking at this from a complete picture of a biblical version of what this would look like.

So one possible explanation for all of this, and I mentioned it briefly last

time, is from Kent Hovind. He has a website called drdino.com.

He says this, if you read the Bible, it says that people lived to be 900 years

old before the flood came.

Go to Genesis 5. Reptiles never stop growing. Lizards, snakes, turtles never stop.

What would happen if a lizard could live to be 900 years old?

He'd be really big. Dinosaurs were big lizards who lived with Adam and Eve.

And so this is his perception of it.

And he has a whole design about how the earth, when it says the waters were

separated below from the waters above, he believes that there was an ice layer

above the earth suspended by the earth's magnetic field.

And it kind of made it like a greenhouse in this earth where there was abundant

life everywhere and everything would have had all of the food it needed to grow

as big as the dinosaurs grew.

He's got a lot of theories on this, but the biblical centric worldview he certainly

holds is that the idea of humans and dinosaurs living together.

This is one possible example of that.

And he would point to the idea of Romans chapter 5 verse 12,

Romans 5:12

which proclaims that there was no death before sin entered the world.

And this, according to him, points to a young earth.

And what Romans 5 verse 12 says is, when Adam sinned, sin entered the world.

Romans 5:12

Adam's sin brought death. So death spread to everyone for everyone's sins.

And the idea here is that he believes that this doesn't just mean human beings.

He means that death didn't enter the world for any of the animal kingdom.

Obviously, if you read Genesis, human beings and animals are eating plants.

And so I guess you could call that some sort of death when you pick up a plant and eat it.

But this is the idea that in the animal kingdom, no death came, according to this view.

In an article, Misha Hulet writes and shows both different perspectives of the

Christian, whether they lived with humans or not.

He says, Dinosaurs could have lived then, before sin entered the world.

Fossil evidence suggests many were plant eaters, which fits with the Bible's

picture of a death-free creation before the fall, from Genesis 1.29-30.

Sharp teeth, sharp claws, spikes, armor plates may have.

Various other purposes or may have been used for eating meat after the fall

After sin, death entered the world and all creation was affected,

And the concept here is that the things that we see on dinosaurs The plates that they believe,

were on some of the plant-eating dinosaurs to protect them and those sorts of

things, those could have had different purposes other than protecting themselves

from attacks from a Tyrannosaurus rex or something like that.

These sharp claws, these sharp teeth could have been used for something else prior to the fall.

And really, when you look at a fossil.

Most of the time, all you can see, all you can surmise from that in a very logical

way is that there was something that was alive there and now it's dead.

We are just guessing as to what these dinosaurs really look like outside of

their bone structure. We can obviously see that.

How big their brains were is something we can tell by the size of the skulls that we have.

But what they ate and that sort of thing, those are all guesses as of right

now. And so he's saying, like, biblically speaking, yes, dinosaurs could have

lived with humans on this world.

Another example, and this one is from science, is that to believe that dinosaurs

and humans lived together, to again promote the idea of a biblical-centered.

View of dinosaurs, is that animal proteins like collagen and DNA have been found

in multiple different ancient species.

So such as in Montana, they've found these elements in T. rex and a triceratops

and a duck bill dinosaur.

They've found these things in dinosaur eggs from Argentina and an embryonic

seropod from southern China and a cittacosaurus bones from China's Gobi Desert.

In an archaeoteryx from Germany, and seismosaur from New Mexico,

and a mosasaurus from Kansas and Belgium.

They are finding dinosaur bones with these proteins.

And this is highly significant because especially for collagen and DNA,

we know that they degrade over time.

And they have tested this in a lab and collagen degrades within like 800,000

years and DNA degrades within, I think it was 960,000 years.

And so not even prior, not even getting to a million years, all of these should

be decayed. All of these should be gone.

But we are seeing these in some of the remains that we have.

Brian Thomas, in an article for Answers in Genesis, wrote, So we see that two

fossil observations confirm biblical creation.

Biomaterials have a shelf life significantly shorter than a million years,

and certain fossils from around the world still contain original biomaterials.

So again, this is pointing back to the collagen and the DNA that have been found in those sources.

And the concept here is how did these biomaterials, how did these proteins continue

to survive if dinosaurs ceased to exist 65 million years ago?

And this is one of the things that a creation scientist would point to.

Then we have the concept in at least secular culture, the idea of there was an age of dinosaurs.

But the fossil records is disputing that. I'm going to first go down to this Carl Warner.

And he says this. paleontologists have found 432 mammal species in the dinosaur

layers, almost as many as the number of dinosaur species.

These include nearly 100 complete mammal skeletons.

So along with the dinosaurs, there were mammals living, and this is changing

what the scientists have thought of in the geologic record.

First was this age of the dinosaurs, and then came the mammals later in evolutionary thought.

This is being contrasted. And even there's an article that I don't have quoted

here that talked about an.

Animal skeleton that they have found that resembles very closely to a modern duck.

This was found in the dinosaur level, and there did not think that birds like

ducks, really the modern bird, did not come on the scene until much later after the dinosaur age.

And so there are discoveries all the time that are really causing pause in the

geologic record and how we can perceive that.

Lastly, to end with today, Dr. Z. G.

Liu says, In a sense, the age of dinosaurs is a misnomer.

Mammals are just one such important group that lived with dinosaurs,

coexisted with dinosaurs, and survived the dinosaurs.

And again, that's a concept that gives us pause to say there were dinosaurs

and that was it in that age.

When you look at popular movies about dinosaurs, you don't really see mice or

other mammals that are around, but they were around according to the fossil record.

These mammals have existed, did exist, and did thrive, and did outlive these dinosaurs.

Thank you again for joining us in our discussion of dinosaurs and their place in Earth's history.

As more evidence is discovered, our view of when dinosaurs lived can shift.

But the evidence presented here is meant to give you an evidence-based worldview

on dinosaurs and when they lived on this planet.

The evidence, from my perspective, is inconclusive, and I don't have a strong

opinion on whether or not dinosaurs lived alongside human beings.

If you would like more information about Faith Chapel and its ministries,

please visit the website gofaithchapel.org

Next week we will look at the long lives of human beings as described in Genesis,

as well as a fascinating group described as the Nephilim Have a great week!